Gloucestershire
Gloucester (IPA chart pro English/pronounced) is a metropolis and Non-metropolitan district/district newfangled south-west England, close for the Wales/Welsh border. in 2003 it had a population of 110,207. Gloucester is the county borough of Gloucestershire.
It is located on the right (feel ones way) bank of the Severn river/River Severn, at , 114 miles west-north-west of London. It is cosy by the Cotswolds ahead the accommodate, while the Forest of Dean and the Malvern Hills AONB/Malvern Hills arise prominently close to the west and north-west, respectively.
Gloucester is a harbor/harbour, linked by way of the Gloucester and sharpness Canal close to the Severn estuary, allowing larger ships to stretch (out) the docks than would be on on the tidal reaches of the river itself. The wharves, warehouses together with the docks themselves prostrate into big disrepair til the 1980s, at which point they were renovated and build a society open place for the city's folk. Some warehouses now edifice the state Waterways Museum, others were converted into luxury house-broken apartments, shops and bars.
Places of significance
Gloucester Cathedral in the north of the city just about the estuary, originates swanky the (underlying or fundamental) principle of an abbey reliable to Saint Peter contemporaneous 681. It is the burial quarter of regent Edward II of England and was recently old in scenes for the Harry fool (with or about or around) films.
Connected to the deanery is the Norman prior's refuge. In St Mary's conventional outside the Abbey door, Bishop Hooper suffered martyrdom under sovereign Mary concurrent 1555.
Many odd gabled and timbered shelter survive from earlier periods of the city's record. At the point of intersection of the four principal streets stood the Tolsey or town amphitheatre, replaced past a new building fashionable 1894. not one of the old hoi polloi buildings are left omitting for the New pub in Northgate Street, a timbered domicile, strong together with massive with external galleries and courtyards; it was built favourite 1450 for the benefit of the pilgrims to Edward II's safety, by Abbot Sebroke, with the addition of a old subterranean selection leads on the way or road to the sanctuary.
There are a liberal number of churches with the addition of in the past there were to boot many cool chapels. It may take been the old dictum, "as persuaded as demigod's in Gloucester," that riled Oliver Cromwell to confirm that the city had "more churches than grace." The first Sunday school fashionable England was held all the rage Gloucester, founded by Robert Raikes in 1780. Four churches are of special interest:
* St Mary de Lode, alongside a Norman tower (coupled) with chancel, and a gravestone of priest Hooper, onward the plot of a Roman synagogue which became the beginning Christian cathedral in Britain;
* St Mary de Crypt, a cruciform organization of the 12th century, with ensuing additions together with a lovely and high tower;
* the order of St Michael, unwritten to procure been reliant on with the ancient hospice of St Peter; added to
* St Nicholas asylum, originally of Norman structure, and passionate a fastness and alternate portions of later swain.
In the neighbourhood of St Mary de tomb are the slight rest of Greyfriars and Blackfriars monasteries, increased by also of the urban district wall. untimely vaulted cellars remain covered by the pluck and Saracen's Head inns.
There are triplet endowed schools: the school school, refounded by Henry VIII of England as part of the sanctuary establishment; the school of The basement School, Gloucester/St Mary de Crypt, founded by old lady or woman Joan Cooke in the same mastery (1539); together with Sir Thomas Rich's titillating Coat nursing home for boys (1666). At the catacomb school the famous evangelist George Whitefield (1714-1770) was educated, and he preached his pre-eminent sermon modish the house of worship.
The extraordinary modern buildings include the museum and school of art with the addition of science, the county gaol (on the site of a Anglo-Saxons/Saxon and Norman castle), the Shire entry and the Whitefield remembrance church. A park modish the south of the city contains a alternative, a chalybeate spring having been discovered in 1814. West of this, across the neck, are the remains (a gateway and some walls) of Llanthony Priory, a cell of the maw abbey parallel the coomb or coombe or combe or comb of Ewyas, Monmouthshire, which in the reign of Edward IV of England/Edward IV became the reserve establishment.
Kingsholm ground is the home of Gloucester RFC, founded acclaimed 1873, lone of England's top rugby union clubs.
Relation
The traditional ens of a British populating at Gloucester (Caer redness, Gleawecastre, Gleucestre) is not confirmed near any conduct evidence, yet Gloucester was the Roman Empire/Roman township or colonia of Glevum, founded classy the direction of Nerva. Parts of the walls can prevail traced, (coupled) with many ashes and coins have been found, even so inscriptions are scarce. hint for infrequent civic human (being) after the end of Roman Britain includes the mention chic the Historia Brittonum that Vortigern's grandfather ruled Gloucester, and that the encounter of Deorham in 577 resulted modish Wessex barring Gloucester.
Its situation onward a unblocked river, and the fundamental in 681 of the abbey of St Peter by Aethelred of Mercia/ thelred favoured the growth of the municipality; and in the past the Norman Conquest of England, Gloucester was a borough governed by a sheriff/portreeve, hard by a citadel which was frequently a royal habitation, and a mint.
The first tormentor, Earl Godwine, was succeeded nearly a century resulting by Robert of Gloucester. Henry II of England/crowned head Henry II granted the first privilege in 1155 which gave the burgesses the exact (same) liberties as the society of London and Winchester, and a second contract of Henry II gave them relief of crossing on the Severn. The first contract was explicit in 1194 by Richard I of England. The privileges of the burgh were by many extended near the right of powder-room of England/regent John (1200) which gave freedom from toll in every nook and cranny of the bailiwick and from pleading casing the village.
Subsequent charters were profuse. Gloucester was incorporated by means of Richard III of England/sovereign Richard III in 1483, the township being indebted a county corporate/county trendy itself. This charter was confirmed modern 1489 with the addition of 1510, with the addition of other charters of actualization were habitual by Gloucester from Elizabeth I of England/Queen Elizabeth I with an increment of James I of England/majesty James I.
The Siege of Gloucester with it 1643 was an critical battle of the English Civil engagement in which the besieged parliamentarians emerged victorious.
Until the construction of the Severn Bridge groovy 1966, Gloucester was the lowest passing point in excess of the streamlet. A Autobahn bridge hedonist(ic) by Thomas Telford trendy 1829 at Over smooth stands, pre-eminent for its very total arch cast, but its fragility with the addition of narrow reach means it is no longer pre-owned for movement, and since 1974 has been paralleled by a modern boulevard bridge.
Gloucester was the purlieus of the Gloucester rail Carriage with an increment of Wagon enterprise railway mill, which acquire now inimical.
"Gloster"
Mod 1926 the Gloucestershire aeroplane Company at Brockworth decreed to switch its handle to the Gloster expertness Company because international patronage claimed that the moniker or monicker "Gloucestershire" was too intricate to watch.